PHILANTHROPY

[Priscilla Gurney, Quaker minister, sister of John Joseph Gurney, prison reformer Elizabeth Fry, and others.] Two-volume manuscript ?Memoirs of Priscilla Gurney? by Rachel Gurney and other siblings, filled with correspondence and family information.

Author: 
Priscilla Gurney (1785-1821) of Earlham, Quaker minister, sister of prison reformer Elizabeth Fry (1780-1845), Daniel Gurney (1791-1880); Joseph John Gurney (1788-1847), and Samuel Gurney (1786-1856)
Publication details: 
The text covers her life in Earlham, Norfolk, from 1785-1821. The volume itself is written in the early part of the nineteenth century (1820s or 1830s).
£2,000.00

A total of 416pp, 4to, in two volumes. Drophead title to vol. 1: ?Memoir of Priscilla Gurney. | 1st. Part.? Drophead title to vol.2: ?Memoir of P. G. | Part second.? Written in a close and neat hand. The volumes are paginated to 263 and 299, but taking into account blank pages they in fact contain 203 and 213pp of actual text respectively. Most of the main body of the text is written on the rectos, with additional material written in a closer hand lengthwise up the versos.

[Lord Nuffield [William Richard Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield], motor manufacturer and philanthropist.] Typed Letter Signed, thanking the Provost of Oriel College, Oxford [Sir David Ross], for his co-operation with regard to Nuffield's trusts.

Author: 
Lord Nuffield [William Richard Morris, 1st Viscount Nuffield] (1877-1963), motor manufacturer and philanthropist, proprietor of Morris Motors [Sir David Ross [W. D. Ross], Vice-Chancellor of Oxford]
Publication details: 
16 October 1944. On letterhead of Cowley, Oxford.
£60.00

See his entry, and that of Ross, in the Oxford DNB. 1p, 12mo. In good condition, lightly aged. On blue paper. Folded twice for postage. Ross is not named, the letter being addressed to him as ‘The Provost, / Oriel College, / Oxford.’ Bold signature: ‘Nuffield’.

[The richest woman in Victorian England: Angela Burdett-Coutts, philanthropist.] Autograph Letter Signed to Mrs [Charlotte] Cowan, wife of the Lord Provost of Edinburgh, declining an invitation connected with ‘The Blind System’.

Author: 
Angela Burdett-Coutts [Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts, Baroness Burdett-Coutts] (1814-1906), the richest woman in Victorian England, prominent philanthropist [James Cowan (1816-1895); Blind System]
Publication details: 
25 November 1873. Palace Hotel [place not stated].
£45.00

See her entry in the Oxford DNB. 3pp, 12mo. Bifolium. In good condition, lightly aged. Folded twice for postage. Addressed to ‘My dear Mrs Cowan’ and signed ‘Burdett Coutts -’. Thirty lines of text. The ‘blind system’ appears to have been a form of education for the blind, possibly involving a precursor of braille. (An advertisement by ‘A Lady, who has the care of a Blind Child’ in the Medical Times, 25 March 1876, offers ‘First-class education given under the blind system.’).

[Victorian London: Somers Town.] Printed pamphlet of ‘“The Hall of Light.” / Somers Town Blind Aid Society’, giving ‘Report, 1898’, statement of accounts, press reports, list of officers and so on.

Author: 
Somers Town Blind Aid Society [Somers Town, London; Mrs. Alec Tweedie]
Publication details: 
‘LONDON, 14th March, 1899.’ Somers Town Blind Aid Society.
£56.00

A nice item of Victorian charitable ephemera. The Society (later the Hepburn Starey Blind Aid Society) was instituted in 1864, and according to p.5 of the present item the phrase ‘Hall of Light for the Blind’ was ‘Given to Somers Town Blind Aid Society by a Blind Chinese Christian lad’. No copy of this item, or of any other material relating to the Society found on either WorldCat or JISC. 24pp, 12mo. Stitched. In good condition, lightly aged and worn. The front cover is laid out in decorative fashion: ‘“The Hall of Light.” / Somers Town / Blind Aid Society.

[Anthony Ashley Cooper, Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury, Tory politician, philanthropist and social reformer.] Autograph Note signed to ‘Mr Rowley’ regarding a request which he has not forgotten.

Author: 
The Earl of Shaftesbury [Anthony Ashley Cooper, Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury] (1801-1885), Tory politician, philanthropist and social reformer
Shaftesbury
Publication details: 
30 May 1862. No place.
£75.00
Shaftesbury

See his long entry in the Oxford DNB, which sums up his achievements as ‘very substantial’ and ‘a source of enduring inspiration to others’. 1p, 16mo. On bifolium with thin mourning border. In good condition, folded twice. Written in his characteristically-inky hand, and signed ‘Shaftesbury’. Reads: ‘Dear Mr Rowley / I did not forget your request. I trust that, by the blessing of God, your [fears?] are [removed?]. / Yours tr[ul]y / Shaftesbury’. Seee image.

[Sir Robert Mayer, musical patron, writing in his hundredth year.] Autograph Letter Signed ('R M.') to 'Russell', boasting of being 'young & venturesome', describing plans for an American lecture tour, asking if he could use Lady Drogheda as pianist.

Author: 
Sir Robert Mayer (1879-1985), German-born British musical patron and philanthropist
Publication details: 
10 September 1979. On letterhead of 2 Mansfield Street, London W1.
£60.00

2pp, 8vo. In fair condition, lightly aged and worn. Folded twice. The content is remarkably sprightly and the handwriting firm. The letter begins: 'My dear Russell, | Telephone: no good. So I guess that you are holiday-making. | Lord Drogheda is my close friend & collaborator. His wife Joan is a pianist[.] I have heard her only when she gave her services. But she appears to practice daily, like a professional trooper.' He has advised her to 'play chamber music.

[Sir Robert Mayer, musical patron, writing in his hundredth year.] Autograph Letter Signed ('R M.') to 'Russell', boasting of being 'young & venturesome', describing plans for an American lecture tour, asking if he could use Lady Drogheda as pianist.

Author: 
Sir Robert Mayer (1879-1985), German-born British musical patron and philanthropist
Publication details: 
10 September 1979. On letterhead of 2 Mansfield Street, London W1.
£60.00

2pp, 8vo. In fair condition, lightly aged and worn. Folded twice. The content is remarkably sprightly and the handwriting firm. The letter begins: 'My dear Russell, | Telephone: no good. So I guess that you are holiday-making. | Lord Drogheda is my close friend & collaborator. His wife Joan is a pianist[.] I have heard her only when she gave her services. But she appears to practice daily, like a professional trooper.' He has advised her to 'play chamber music.

[Catharine Tait, philanthropist.] Printed facsimile of Autograph Letter Signed ('Catharine Tait'), with one addition in her genuine autograph: a circular regarding 'the election of Harriet Amelia Johnson to St Ann's School Brixton'.

Author: 
Catharine Tait (1819-1878), philanthropist [St Ann's School, Brixton; Harriet Amelia Johnson]
Publication details: 
June 1864. Fulham Palace S.W. [London].
£45.00

For information on Tait, see her entry in the Oxford DNB. 1p, 12mo. Aged, worn and lightly stained. The fact that Tait was able to produce a lithographed circular for such a minor purpose indicates her resources. The only words in the document in Tait's genuine autograph are the interpolated 'now & in Jan'. The circular reads: 'My dear Sir | I am very anxious to secure the election of Harriet Amelia Johnson to St Ann's School Brixton. Her father who was well known to us died this year leaving a widow and three children unprovided for.

[George Peabody, American financier and philanthropist.] Autograph Signature ('Geo Peabody') to Business Letter in a Secretarial Hand, to Rennoldson & Farley, Newcastle on Tyne. With newspaper cutting of long article on Peabody, with portrait.

Author: 
George Peabody (1795-1869), American financier regarded as the father of modern philanthropy for his charitable works in Britain and America
Publication details: 
London. 27 March 1862.
£500.00

1p, 4to. Bifolium addressed on reverse of second leaf – with twopenny stamp, postmark and Peabody firm stamp - to 'Messrs Rennoldson & Farley | Newcastle on Tyne'. (The recipients Rennoldson & Farley were Timber Merchants, Commission Merchants, and Coal Exporters. In fair condition, lightly aged, with closed tear to second leaf. Other than Peabody's signature the document is in a secretarial hand. It reads: 'Gentlemen, | We have received your letter of 26th inst and Enclosures, which latter we return herewith, together with Messrs [Dumeau, Sherman?] & Co's draft on us for £220 duly accepted'.

[ Lord Sidney Godolphin Osborne philanthropist. ] Autograph Letter Signed ('S. G Osborne') to an unnamed archdeacon

Author: 
Lord Sydney Godolphin Osborne (1808-1889), English cleric, philanthropist and writer, supporter of Florence Nightingale in the Crimean War
Publication details: 
Durweston [ Dorset ]. 19 May [ no year ].
£80.00

3pp., 12mo. Bifolium. In good condition, lightly aged, with the reverse of the blank reverse of the second leaf tipped-in onto a card mount. Written in a not altogether straightforward hand. He begins: 'I sleep at Birmingham Monday – hope to be in Halifax in the course of the afternoon. | Dont for one moment think of sending your carriage – as Mr Stansfield wishes to meet me and carry me off on my way to you, to some school gathering. | I believe it is certainly not a church one'.

[ Sir Walter Gilbey, wine-merchant and philanthropist. ] Autograph Letter Signed ('Walter Gilbey') to 'Mr Howard', regarding the 'serious state and suffering' of Howard's grandfather.

Author: 
Sir Walter Gilbey, 1st Baronet (1831-1914), English wine-merchant and philanthropist
Publication details: 
On letterhead of Elsenham Hall, Essex. 11 August 1895.
£56.00

2pp., 12mo. Bifolium. In fair condition, lightly aged and worn. He is 'deeply grieved' at the news of Howard's grandfather: 'I could wish, as you all do, his life spared a few years longer but when you tell me of his serious state and suffering, I feel we must be prepared for the worst and not desire a lingering death.' He asks for his 'sympathy and regret' to be conveyed to the whole family.

[ The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, London. ] Printed handbill advertisement for a ball, listing the Patronesses, Lady Stewards and Stewards.

Author: 
The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, founded in London in 1875 [ Eric Forbes-Robertson (1865-1935), artist and actor, brother of Sir Johnston Forbes-Robertson (1853-1937) ]
Publication details: 
The ball to be 'held in St. Martin's Town Hall, Trafalgar Square, in aid of The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, on Friday, the 1st day of February, 1895.'
£28.00

2pp., small 4to. Printed in black and red ink on the rectos of the two leaves of a bifolium. The heading and the words 'Tickets 15s. each' at the foot of the page in gothic type, the rest in roman. The names of 23 'Patronesses' given in two columns on the first page, beginning with 'The Countess of Ancaster' and ending with 'Mrs. Alfred Scott-Gatty'. The names of 24 'Steward' in a column on the second page, beginning with 'Harold Bompas, Esq.' and ending with 'Roland Vaughan Williams, Esq.' At foot of second page: 'Tickets can be procured from the Hon. Mrs.

[ Emma Vesey, Viscountess de Vesci, philanthropist. ] Autograph Signature ('Emma de Vesci').

Author: 
Emma Vesey, Viscountess de Vesci [ Emma de Vesci ] (1819-1884), philanthropist, wife of Thomas Vesey, 3rd Viscount de Vesci, and daughter of daughter of George Herbert, 11th Earl of Pembroke
Publication details: 
Place and date not stated.
£20.00

On 3 x 11 cm. slip of paper, cut from the end of a letter. In good condition, on lightly-aged paper. Reads 'Yrs very sincerely | Emma de Vesci'. Fragment of letter on reverse: '[...] random of all the monies you have sent to Messrs. Puget & Bainbridge. I [...]'. Lady de Vesci founded the Abbeyleix Baby Linen Society, a co-operative supplying affordable children clothes.

[ The Civil Service Life-Boat Fund. ] Two Autograph Volumes by Honorary Secretary Charles Dibdin, including minutes, accounts, lists of offices and addresses, and corrected printed lists of Civil Service employees.

Author: 
The Civil Service Life-Boat Fund, London, British charity founded in 1866, now named the Lifeboat Fund [ Charles Dibdin (1849-1910), Honorary Secretary ]
Publication details: 
[ The Civil Service Life-Boat Fund, London. ] 'Charles Dibdin | Honorary Secretary | 14 John Street, Adelphi, W.C.' 1892 and 1897.
£750.00

The Civil Service Life-Boat Fund (now the Lifeboat Fund) was founded by a group of civil servants wishing to donate a single lifeboat to the Royal National Lifeboat Institution. In 1866 they issued an appeal for £300 to government offices and raised the sum within a year. Since then the charity has supplied the RNLI with more than fifty lifeboats, which have saved nearly five thousand lives. The present two volumes, for 1892 and 1897, are uniform in heavily-worn halfbindings with black cloth spines and marbled boards.

[ Catherine Marsh, Victorian philanthropist and author. ] Autograph Signature on part of letter.

Author: 
Catherine Marsh (1818-1912), Christian missionary amongst 'navvies' and author
Publication details: 
Place and date not stated.
£20.00

On 7 x 11 cm. piece of paper cut from end of letter. In fair condition, on aged paper. Good firm signature. Reads 'Yours most | sincerely | Catherine Marsh'. Writing on reverse, in large hand, reads: 'hear of Mrs Walter Fry's sad accident -'.

[ Anthony Ashley Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury. ] Autograph Letter Signed ('Shaftesbury') to '<?> W. Williams', regarding accounts and a missed engagement.

Author: 
Anthony Ashley Cooper, 7th Earl of Shaftesbury (1801-1885), Liberal politician, philanthropist and social reformer
Publication details: 
No place. <3?> January 1854.
£50.00

1p., 16mo. In fair condition, on lightly aged and ruckled paper. His return to London having been delayed, he regrets that he 'lost the tea-party'. He would be 'glad to know what is due on the account'.

[ George Peabody, philanthropist ] Autograph Note Signed "George Peabody", addressing the members of the Philanthropic Club.

Author: 
George Peabody (1795–N1869), American-British financier and philanthropist
Publication details: 
No place, 7 Jan. 1860
£100.00

One page, 12 x 13cm, tipped on to part of an album leaf (blue). Text: "To the Members of the | Philanthropic Club. | In Grateful Rememberance | From Their Obliged | and Grateful Servant, | George Peabody | Jan. 7th. 1860." Perhaps it accompanied a gift. NOte: Informsation about the Philanthropic Club would be welcomed.

[ John Cust, 1st Earl Brownlow. ] Autograph Letter Signed ('Brownlow') to C. B. Massingberd, regarding Royal Humane Society medallions to be presented to Richard Hoodlass and Joseph Dobson.

Author: 
John Cust (1779-1853), 1st Earl Brownlow, peer and Tory politician [ The Royal Humane Society, London ]
Publication details: 
Belton House [ Grantham, Lincolnshire ], 8 February 1834.
£56.00

2pp., 4to. Bifolium, with the lower part of the second leaf lacking, and only part of Brownlow's franking of the address present, together with his broken seal in red wax. Frank reads: '<...> Febry eighth 1834 | <...> Massingberd Esqre | Ormsby | Spilsby | <?> | Brownlow'. In fair condition, on lightly aged and ruckled paper, with folds strengthened with archival tape. He writes regarding the award of the Honorary Medallion of the Royal Humane Society to 'Rd.

[ Angela Burdett-Coutts, Vitorian philanthropist. ] Autograph Letter Signed to 'Miss Duff Gordon', with studio photograph.

Author: 
Angela Burdett-Coutts [ Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts, 1st Baroness Burdett-Coutts, born Angela Georgina Burdett ] (1814-1906), Victorian philanthropist
Publication details: 
Letter from Holly Lodge [ Highgate, London ]. 20 May 1896. Photograph undated and unattributed.
£65.00

Letter: 1p., 12mo. In good condition. Written in a difficult hand, regarding 'Tickets' for a 'really remarkable Show'. Photograph: 9 x 6 cm. Sepia. In good condition, laid down on paper removed from album. Depicts Burdett-Coutts, in Victorian finery with bustle and veil, seated at a table, with gloved right hand pressed to her cheek (not found on Google images)..

[Rowntree] Clipped signature from typed letter "B S Rowntree".

Author: 
Benjamin Seebohm Rowntree
Publication details: 
No date survives
£23.00

English quaker philanthropist, son of Joseph Rowntree and author of 'Poverty, A Study of Town Life' (1901). Signed 'B S Rowntree' beneath typed 'Yours sincerely,'. Docketed in pencil in another hand, "B.S. Rowntree (chocolate)".. Fragment of around one inch by three inches.

[Edward Strutt, Lord Belper.] Autograph Letter Signed ('Belper'), in response to a request from the Rev. Henry Thomas Scott 'for a subscription to the restoration of your church'.

Author: 
Edward Strutt (1801-1880), 1st Baron Belper [Lord Belper], Liberal politician [Rev. Henry Thomas Scott, Curate of Stapleford, Nottinghamshire]
Publication details: 
On letterhead of Kingston, Derby. 11 January 1877.
£45.00

3pp., 12mo. Bifolium. In good condition, on aged paper. In response to Scott's application, he explains that, 'being much connected with two Counties (Nottinghamshire & Derbyshire), I am anxious to give my assistance to the leading charities & other public objects in both, & also to contribute to local objects in places with which I am specially connected by residence, property, or otherwise'. Unfortunately he finds it impossible 'to comply with the numerous applications which I receive for contributions to Churches, Schools, &c., in places with which I have no such connection'.

[Samuel Smiles, railway administrator and author of 'Self-Help'.] Autograph notebook, containing information relating to his work as Secretary of the South Eastern Railway, including memorandums, tables and transcripts of letters.

Author: 
Samuel Smiles (1812-1904), railway administrator, biographer and author of the influential book 'Self-Help' (1859) [South Eastern Railway; Victorian steam engines; nineteenth-century locomotives]
Publication details: 
Smiles's ownership inscription on fly-leaf: 'S Smiles, South Eastern Railway | 1854.' Entries dating from between 1854 and 1886.
£2,800.00

According to Smiles's entry in the Oxford DNB, he was 'prominent in the negotiations for the amalgamation of the Leeds and Thirsk Railway [by which he was employed] with the North Eastern, which was effected in 1854 and abolished his own office. Thereupon he left Leeds for London on being appointed secretary to the South Eastern Railway (11 November). He held the post for twelve years, in the course of which he successfully arranged for the extension of the line from Charing Cross to Cannon Street (1858–9).

[Pamphlet.] The Forty-fifth Report of the Destitute Children's Dinners Society, established 1866. With a List of Donors and Subscribers.

Author: 
[Destitute Children's Dinners Society] [Freeman & Son, printers, 107 Wilton Road, Victoria Station, London, SW]
Publication details: 
London: Freeman & Son, Printers, 107, Wilton Road, Victoria Station, SW. From July 1st, 1910, to June 30th, 1911.
£70.00

24pp., 12mo. Stapled. In grey printed wraps. With stamp, shelfmark and label of the Board of Education Library, otherwise in good condtion, on lightly-aged paper. No copy in the British Library, or on COPAC.

[Pamphlet.] Cripple Children's Training & Dinner Society. Report, 1903. [With two duplicated items loosely inserted: 'Rules for Helpers during Dinner Hour' and 'Form of Application for Free Dinner'.]

Author: 
[Cripple Children's Training & Dinner Society.]
Publication details: 
Printed by H. Williams and Son, 222 Gray's Inn Rd., London, W.C. 1904. [Both duplicated items without date or place.]
£100.00

12pp., 12mo. Stapled. In grey printed wraps. With stamp, shelfmark and labels of the Board of Education Reference Library, otherwise in good condition, on lightly aged and worn paper. Scarce: no copies in the British Library or on COPAC. Both duplicated items are 1p., 8vo, on a separate leaf, and both reproduce manuscript. Both are in good condition. The first, in portrait, is headed 'Cripple Schools' Dinners Sub-Committee. | Rules for Helpers during Dinner Hour. 12-1.30 p.m.' Listing eight rules, including: '5.

[Jules S. Bache, German-born American banker and philanthropist.] Typed Letter Signed ('Jules') to the English biographer H. E. Wortham, regarding his seventieth birthday, the death of friends, the current 'crisis' and Wortham's latest book.

Author: 
Jules S. Bache [Jules Semon Bache; Jules Bache] (1861-1944), German-born American banker, art collector and philanthropist [Hugh Evelyn Wortham (1884-1959), biographer of General Gordon]
Publication details: 
On his letterhead, 42 Broadway, New York. 19 November 1931.
£80.00

1p., 4to. In fair condition, on lightly aged and creased paper. Addressed to 'Hugh Wortham, Esq., | 75 Courtfield Gardens, | London, S.W.5, England'. Signed in green ink. He has received Wortham's book (probably 'The Delightful Profession: Edward VII, A Study in Kingship', published that year). He is 'still in the midst of a rather big book', but once he has finished it, he will send his comments on Wortham's.

[Erasmus Wilson.] Autograph Note Signed to Mrs Buchanan, sending new year's greetings.

Author: 
Erasmus Wilson [Sir William James Erasmus Wilson] (1809-1884), dermatologist and philanthropist
Publication details: 
17 Henrietta Street, Cavendish Square [London]. 2 January 1882.
£35.00

1p., 12mo. Very good, on lightly-aged paper. Reads 'My Dear Mrs. Buchanan, | Many thanks for kindest New Year's greetings: - | A Happy New Year to you and yours | Faithfully yours | Erasmus Wilson'.

Autograph Letter Signed ('Saml Gurney') to Thomas Waddington in Rouen, father of th sometime French Prime Minister presumably, regarding his efforts to assist Edward Cherry in the same city.

Author: 
Samuel Gurney the elder (1786-1856), Quaker banker and philanthropist [Thomas Waddington; Edward Cherry; Rouen, France]
Publication details: 
London. 30 October 1838.
£120.00

2pp., 4to. On both sides of the first leaf of a bifolium, with the reverse of the second leaf cut down by a third, and carrying a red wax seal and three postmarks, with the address by Gurney to Waddington in Rouen. After explaining that he has been away in Yorkshire, he expresses regret that 'our efforts respecting Edwd Cherry have so terminated - it is however clear that the maintenance of fhis wife and family is an overwhelming duty to him'. He has himself made payments in London, and understood that 'our Friends in Rouen were to pay for the room &c'.

Autograph Signature of the Victorian philanthropist Catharine Tait, wife of Archibald Campbell Tait, Archbishop of Canterbury.

Author: 
Catharine Tait (1819–1878), philanthropist, daughter of William Spooner (c.1778-1857), Archdeacon of Coventry, and wife of Archibald Campbell Tait (1811-1882), Archbishop of Canterbury
Publication details: 
Without place or date.
£23.00

On slip of paper, 2 x 9 cm, cut from a letter for an autograph hunter. In good condition, on lightly-creased paper.

Part of Autograph Letter Signed ('Olive Mackirdy') from the Anglo-Indian journalist and philanthropist Olive Christian Malvery, discussing her efforts to raise money for the building of shelters in London for homeless women.

Author: 
Olive Mackirdy [née Olive Christian Malvery] (1877-1914), Anglo-Indian journalist and philanthropist, who raised money for two shelters for homeless women in London
Publication details: 
Place and date not stated (but written after her marriage in 1904).
£120.00

2pp., 12mo. The final leaf of the letter only. In good condition, on lightly-aged paper. A poignant letter, given its author's early death. Regarding 'the Shelter' Mackirdy writes that 'Lady Brassey the Duchess of St Albans Lady Radnor & others have been giving big dinner parties etc for me & I only go in order to meet people who will help with the Shelter. I am not very strong and have such heavy work that now I find I simply cannot indulge my own tastes & enjoy my firends if I am going to do definite work.

Engraved circular letter and 'Balance Sheets for 1858 and 1859' of the Playground and General Recreation Society (including reference to a speech by Charles Dickens), forwarded by secretary Edward West to committee-member Sophia Elizabeth De Morgan.

Author: 
Edward West, Secretary, The Playground and General Recreation Society, London [Sophia Elizabeth De Morgan [née Frend] (1809-92), wife of mathematician Augustus De Morgan (1806-71); Charles Dickens]
Publication details: 
West's engraved letter: 97 Newgate Street, London; 31 January 1860. The balance sheets dated to end of the years 1858 and 1859.
£95.00

3pp., 4to. In bifolium. Good, on aged and lightly-creased paper. 'Mrs. de Morgan' in manuscript at the foot of the first page, and 'No 5' at the head. The first page carries the circular letter from 'Edwd. West, Secy.', engraved in copperplate. In sending the balance sheets he notes that 'the income is scarcely equal to the expenditure which is necessary for obtaining for the Society public support'.

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